East Timor makes up the eastern half of the island of Timor (the western half belonging to Indonesia) is situated off the northern coast of Western Australia.

Also included within East Timor is the Oekussi Ambeno enclave on the northwest coast of the island, as well as the islands of Ataúro (Pulo Cambing) and Jaco (Pulo Jako). East Timor is mountainous in the interior.